The OWASP Top 10, officially known as the OWASP Top 10 Most Critical Web Application Security Risks, is a crucial security standard curated by the Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP).
CVEs & Public
CVEs (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures) are unique IDs for publicly known security weaknesses, while public exploits are readily available code that attackers can use to take advantage of those vulnerabilities.
Proprietary Techniques
A security hole in software no one knows about. Hackers exploit it before anyone can fix it, causing trouble like data breaches. Think "surprise attack" on your computer, making it urgent to update defenses quickly.